What does 'debugging' mean in the context of programming?

Debugging refers to identifying and removing errors from a program. This process is crucial in software development as it ensures that the program functions as intended. When a programmer debugs a program, they systematically analyze the code, test various components, and locate bugs or errors that could lead to incorrect outcomes, crashes, or unexpected behavior. Once these issues are identified, they can be corrected, resulting in more reliable and efficient software.

The essence of debugging lies in its focus on refining the existing code rather than creating new code, converting code into a runnable format, or enhancing the software with new features. It is a critical phase in the development lifecycle that aims to improve the overall reliability and functionality of a program, ensuring that it meets the specified requirements and performs optimally.