What is the primary function of a compiler?

The primary function of a compiler is to translate high-level programming languages, which are easier for humans to read and write, into machine code, which is used by the computer's processor to execute instructions. This translation process is essential because computers operate using binary code, and high-level languages must be converted into this machine-readable format so that the hardware can carry out the specified tasks.

Compilers also perform optimizations during this translation process, which can enhance the performance of the resulting machine code. They analyze the code for syntax errors and provide error messages, but their main role is the translation to machine code. Other functionalities, such as debugging code or creating user interfaces, are typically handled by different tools or components within the software development environment. Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental purpose of a compiler in the software development process.