Which type of error is identified during the execution of a program?

A runtime error is identified during the execution of a program, meaning that the error occurs while the program is running, after it has successfully compiled. This type of error can happen due to various reasons, such as trying to divide by zero, accessing an out-of-bounds index in an array, or running into issues with resource availability like memory or file operations. Because these errors arise from conditions that may not be predictable at compile time, they often result in exceptions that need to be handled to maintain program stability.

In contrast, other types of errors occur at different stages: syntax errors are detected during the compilation process due to incorrect syntax; compile-time errors prevent the program from being compiled successfully; and logical errors, while also occurring during execution, do not cause the program to crash but lead to incorrect behavior or results. Thus, understanding runtime errors is crucial for debugging and improving the reliability of the program.